Fish Passage

DG. High road density (4.6 mi/sq mi)

H - Open three or more miles of good quality habitat used by at least one stock of salmon or steelhead.  Exceptions:  include very cost efficient projects addressing unique limiting habitat or benefiting multiple stocks of salmon or steelhead.

H - Bridges are the preferred structure.  If culverts are used, they should be sized to allow full access to all fish species and life history stages.

H - Inventory, assess, and prioritize all habitat blockages (culverts, dikes, railroad grades, etc.) for all salmonid life history stages. 

H - Develop a database housed with the lead entity, to contain all blockage data. 

Floodplain Conditions

Poor

(DG).

Incision due to splash dams & historic logging practices.

H - Reconnect potential off-channel habitat. 

H - Restoration actions need to increase instream LWD to help address channel incision and flow issues.  This includes appropriate riparian restoration to result in better future LWD levels.

H - Maintain, conserve, and prioritize off-channel and side channel habitat and associated riparian. 

H - Inventory impacts and suitable restoration sites for floodplain habitat coincident with the barrier/culvert inventory.

H - Assess and prioritize existing off-channel areas that are disconnected due to main channel incision.

Sediment

Poor (DG).

Mass wasting, high road density, bank erosion, livestock impacts.

H- Decommission roads at risk of landslides, especially side-cast roads.

H - Correct high impact road sediment delivery problems via push-outs, cross-drains, and sediment traps etc.

H - Increase protection of steep and unstable slopes.

H - Stabilize and revegetate exposed mass wasting sites to reduce surface erosion.

M - Reduce livestock access to streams.

H - Reduce activities in sensitive areas near stream.

H - Inventory roads and assess impacts to salmonids and prioritize restoration actions accordingly. 

H - Assess mass wasting locations, bank failures, and sensitive geographic areas.

LWD

Poor (DG).

Reduced due to splash dams

And logging practices.

H - Actions are needed to increase LWD, or similarly functioning natural structures, in appropriate places.  This would include anchoring LWD and increasing natural recruitment potential (riparian restoration).. 

H - LWD needs to be of appropriate size.

H – Prevent removal of appropriate pieces of LWD, and other natural structures, within the floodplain through increased education and enforcement. 

H - Determine appropriateness through inventory or other assessment of LWD, or other natural structure(s), placement.  (e.g. gravel recruiting,  hydrology, wood or structure size, gradient, near term LWD recruitment potential, and valley confinement)

Riparian

Poor

(DG)

Logging impacts

H - Revegetate open riparian areas with native plants including conifers in appropriate places.

M - Interplant conifer into hardwood riparian areas that were historically conifer areas.   

M- Plant conifer adjacent to and outside existing and limited existing conifer hardwood riparian areas.

H – Funds, lands, and easement opportunities should be identified to obtain areas of mid-to late seral stage riparian with priority given to older stands.  This is applicable to lands that do not have current protection such as those outside of current forest practice regulations.

.

H - Assess and prioritize recovery and protection for riparian conditions.

Water Quality

DG

Poor riparian, livestock access, road runoff.

H - Actions need to address sediment, riparian, and flow problems. 

M - Reduce livestock access to streams.

H - Increase activities that lead to natural recharge of the aquifers and maintain or improve hydrological maturity. 

H - Restore wetlands and off-channel habitat.

H - Decrease activities that interfere with the natural recharge of aquifers or degrade hydrological maturity.

M - Reduce roads and logging in sensitive areas near streams.

H - Monitor water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, and turbidity.

Water Quantity

Poor (DG). Poor hydrological maturity.

H - Reduce water withdrawals from surface sources.

H - Increase activities that lead to natural recharge of the aquifers and maintain or improve hydrologic maturity. 

H -Restore wetlands and off-channel habitat.

H - Decrease activities that interfere with the natural recharge of aquifers or degrade hydrological maturity.

M - Maintain remaining riparian vegetation along stream. 

M - Enforce new Timber regulations

H -Install stream flow gage and monitor stream flow.

Biological Processes

DG

L - Increase contribution of marine –derived nutrients through increased use of carcasses.

H - Increase field surveys regarding salmonid distribution, escapement, and habitat use by life history stage.

L - Assess marine-derived nutrient processes.