Fish Passage

DG, fair road density (2.7 mi/sq mi).

H - Open three or more miles of good quality habitat used by at least one stock of salmon or steelhead.  Exceptions:  include very cost efficient projects addressing unique limiting habitat or benefiting multiple stocks of salmon or steelhead.   

H - Bridges are the preferred structure.  If culverts are used, they should be sized to allow full access to all fish species and life history stages.

M - Inventory, assess, and prioritize all habitat blockages (culverts, dikes, railroad grades, etc.) for all salmonid life history stages. 

M - Develop a database housed with the lead entity, to contain all blockage data. 

Floodplain Conditions

DG,

Rip-rap throughout basin.

H - Reconnect potential off-channel habitat. 

H - Restoration actions need to increase instream LWD to help address channel incision and flow issues.  This includes appropriate riparian restoration to result in better future LWD levels.

H - Maintain, conserve, and prioritize off-channel and side channel habitat and associated riparian. 

H - Inventory impacts and suitable restoration sites for floodplain habitat coincident with the barrier/culvert inventory.

Sediment

Poor (DG).

Bank erosion, livestock access, fair road density.

M – Correct high impact road sediment delivery problems via push-outs, cross-drains, and sediment traps etc.

H - Reduce livestock access to streams.

M - Provide education regarding the impacts of livestock.

H - Inventory roads, bank erosion and causes, and livestock access, and assess impacts to salmonids and prioritize restoration actions accordingly. 

LWD

DG

M - Actions are needed to increase LWD, or similarly functioning natural structures, in appropriate places.  This would include anchoring LWD or increasing natural recruitment potential (riparian restoration). 

H – Prevent removal of appropriate pieces of LWD, and other natural structures, within the floodplain through increased education and enforcement. 

M - Determine appropriateness through inventory or other assessment of LWD, or other natural structure(s), placement.  (e.g. gravel recruiting,  hydrology, wood or structure size, gradient, near term LWD recruitment potential, and valley confinement).

H - Assess stream channel stability and LWD.

Riparian

Poor (DG),

25% of forest area converted to non-forest use.

H - Revegetate open riparian areas with native plants including conifers in appropriate places.

M - Interplant conifer into hardwood riparian areas that were historically conifer areas.   

M- Plant conifer adjacent to and outside existing and limited existing conifer hardwood riparian areas.

H - Funds, lands, and easement opportunities should be identified to obtain areas of mid-to late seral stage riparian with priority given to older stands.  This is applicable to lands that do not have current protection such as those outside of current forest practice regulations.

H - Assess and prioritize recovery and protection for riparian conditions.

Water Quality

DG.

Livestock access, livestock input.

H - Actions need to address sediment, riparian, and flow problems. 

H - Reduce livestock access to streams.

H - Increase activities that lead to natural recharge of the aquifers and maintain or improve hydrological maturity. 

H - Restore wetlands and off-channel habitat.

H - Decrease activities that interfere with the natural recharge of aquifers or degrade hydrological maturity.

H - Monitor water temperatures, dissolved oxygen, pH, and turbidity.

Water Quantity

Poor.

Low summer flows, water withdrawals, forestlands converted to other use, high peak flows, and scour.

H - Reduce water withdrawals from surface sources.

H - Increase activities that lead to natural recharge of the aquifers and maintain or improve hydrologic maturity. 

H -Restore wetlands and off-channel habitat.

H - Decrease activities that interfere with the natural recharge of aquifers or degrade hydrological maturity.

H - Install a stream flow gage and monitor flow.

Biological Processes

DG

L - Increase contribution of marine –derived nutrients through increased use of carcasses. 

H - Increase field surveys regarding salmonid distribution, escapement, and habitat use by life history stage.

L - Assess marine-derived nutrient processes.