Fish Passage

DG. High road density (4.6 mi/sq mi).

H - Open three or more miles of good quality habitat used by at least one stock of salmon or steelhead.  Exceptions:  include very cost efficient projects addressing unique limiting habitat or benefiting multiple stocks of salmon or steelhead.   

H - Bridges are the preferred structure.  If culverts are used, they should be sized to allow full access to all species and life history stages.

H - Inventory, assess, and prioritize all habitat blockages (culverts, dikes, railroad grades, etc.) for all salmonid life history stages. 

H - Develop a database housed with the lead entity, to contain all blockage data. 

H - Conduct a thorough watershed assessment.

Floodplain Conditions

Poor

(DG). Past splash dams and current rip-rap.

H - Reconnect potential off-channel habitat. 

H - Restoration actions need to increase instream LWD to help address channel incision and flow issues.  This includes appropriate riparian restoration to result in better future LWD levels.

H – Maintain, conserve, and prioritize off-channel and side channel habitat and associated riparian. 

H - Maintain recovering riparian zone

H - Inventory impacts and suitable restoration sites for floodplain habitat coincident with the barrier/culvert inventory.

H - Assess riparian and habitat conditions for spawning and rearing, and off-channel habitat. Determine current road density.

H - Assess existing off-channel areas that are disconnected due to main channel incision.

Sediment

Poor (DG). High road density, high potential mass wasting and erosion area.

H- Decommission roads at risk of landslides.

H - Correct high impact road sediment delivery problems via push-outs, cross-drains, and sediment traps etc.

H - Increase protection of steep and unstable slopes.

H - Stabilize and revegetate exposed mass wasting sites to reduce surface erosion.

L - Reduce livestock access to streams.

H - Reduce roads and logging activities in sensitive areas near the stream.                

H - Stay clear of sensitive areas in upper watershed.  Reduce logging near stream.

H - Inventory roads and assess impacts to salmonids and prioritize restoration actions accordingly. 

H -  Assess mass wasting impacts and bank failures.  Stream habitat assessment needed (banks, roads, LWD, riparian, etc.).

LWD

Poor (DG). Reduced due to splash dams and logging practices.

H - Actions are needed to increase LWD, or similarly functioning natural structures, in appropriate places.  This would include anchoring LWD and increasing natural recruitment potential (riparian restoration).

H - If LWD is placed in-stream, use appropriate sized pieces with rootwads.

H – Prevent removal of appropriate pieces of LWD, and other natural structures, within the floodplain through increased education and enforcement. 

H - Determine appropriateness through inventory or other assessment of LWD, or other natural structure(s), placement.  (e.g. gravel recruiting, hydrology, wood or structure size, gradient, near term LWD recruitment potential, and valley confinement).  Needs assessment to determine size and location based on recovery time of watershed

Riparian

Poor

(DG)

H - Revegetate open riparian areas with native plants including conifers in appropriate places.

M - Interplant conifer into hardwood riparian areas that were historically conifer areas.   

M- Plant conifer adjacent to and outside existing and limited existing conifer hardwood riparian areas.

L - Mostly timber land in upper area, which has been replanted and mending in most areas.  Will be functional in about 40 years.

H - Funds, lands, and easement opportunities should be identified to obtain areas of mid-to late seral stage riparian with priority given to older stands.  This is applicable to lands that do not have current protection such as those outside of current forest practice regulations.

M - Maintain currently functioning riparian.  Reduce logging, road building near sensitive areas.

H – Continue enforcement and revision of current regulations that preserve and enhance riparian regeneration.

H - Assess and prioritize recovery and protection for riparian conditions.

Water Quality

DG. Poor riparian (lack of shade) suggests this might be a problem. Livestock access. Also sedimentation may have degraded water quality.

H - Actions need to address sediment, riparian, and flow problems. 

L - Reduce livestock access to streams.

H - Increase activities that lead to natural recharge of the aquifers and maintain or improve hydrological maturity. 

H - Restore wetlands and off-channel habitat.

H - Reduce sediment loads by addressing roads/logging in sensitive areas and in areas of potential mass wasting.

H - Decrease activities that interfere with the natural recharge of aquifers or degrade hydrological maturity.

H - Monitor water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, and turbidity.

Water Quantity

Poor (DG). Poor hydrologic maturity.

M - Encourage efforts to maintain and promote increased mature conifer land cover.

M – Reduce water withdrawals from surface sources.

H - Decrease activities that interfere with the natural recharge of aquifers or degrade hydrological maturity.

H - Install stream flow gage, and monitor stream flow.

Biological Processes

DG

L - Increase contribution of marine –derived nutrients through increased use of carcasses. 

H - Increase field surveys regarding salmonid distribution, escapement, and habitat use by life history stage.

L - Assess marine-derived nutrient processes.